Amsterdam’s central location in Europe makes it an ideal starting point for exploring nearby countries. Within a few hours by train or car, travellers can immerse themselves in diverse cultures, rich histories, and stunning landscapes. From the medieval charm of Belgian cities to the industrial heritage of Germany’s Ruhr Valley, the artistic treasures of northern France to the majestic scenery of Luxembourg, each destination offers unique experiences just a stone’s throw from the Dutch capital.
These neighbouring countries provide a tapestry of experiences that complement and contrast with Amsterdam’s own attractions. Whether you’re seeking Gothic architecture, world-class museums, culinary delights, or natural wonders, the regions surrounding Amsterdam have something to offer every type of traveller. Let’s embark on a journey through these nearby nations, discovering hidden gems and iconic landmarks that make each country a worthy addition to your European itinerary.
Belgium: exploring flemish charm and medieval splendour
Belgium, with its intricate mix of Flemish and French influences, offers a captivating blend of history, art, and gastronomy. Just a short journey from Amsterdam, Belgium’s northern cities showcase some of Europe’s best-preserved medieval architecture and a rich cultural heritage that rivals its more famous neighbours.
Bruges: venice of the north and UNESCO world heritage site
Often referred to as the ‘Venice of the North’, Bruges captivates visitors with its network of canals, cobblestone streets, and stunning medieval architecture. This UNESCO World Heritage site transports you back in time with its well-preserved Gothic buildings and picturesque market squares. The Belfry of Bruges, standing tall in the city centre, offers panoramic views for those willing to climb its 366 steps.
Art enthusiasts will revel in the city’s numerous museums, including the Groeningemuseum, which houses an impressive collection of Flemish Primitive and Renaissance works. Don’t miss the opportunity to sample Belgian chocolates from local artisans or enjoy a leisurely boat ride along the canals for a unique perspective of this fairy-tale city.
Antwerp: diamond capital and rubens’ artistic legacy
Antwerp, Belgium’s second-largest city, is renowned as the world’s diamond capital and a hub of fashion and design. The city’s rich history is evident in its stunning architecture, from the Gothic Cathedral of Our Lady to the Renaissance-style City Hall in the Grote Markt. Art lovers should not miss the Rubenshuis, the former home and studio of Peter Paul Rubens, now a museum showcasing the master’s works.
The city’s modern face is equally impressive, with cutting-edge fashion boutiques lining the Meir shopping street and innovative dining experiences in the trendy Zuid district. For a unique experience, visit the Red Star Line Museum, which tells the story of millions of European emigrants who sailed to America from Antwerp’s port.
Ghent: gothic architecture and the adoration of the mystic lamb
Ghent, often overlooked in favour of its more famous neighbours, is a hidden gem that combines medieval charm with a vibrant, youthful atmosphere thanks to its large student population. The city’s skyline is dominated by three towers: Saint Nicholas’ Church, the Belfry, and Saint Bavo’s Cathedral, which houses the famous Ghent Altarpiece, also known as The Adoration of the Mystic Lamb .
Stroll along the picturesque Graslei harbour, lined with beautiful guild houses, or explore the imposing Gravensteen castle, a well-preserved medieval fortress in the city centre. Ghent’s culinary scene is also noteworthy, with traditional Flemish dishes and innovative restaurants catering to all tastes.
Belgium offers a perfect blend of historical richness and modern vibrancy, making it an ideal destination for those seeking to extend their Amsterdam adventure.
Germany: rhine valley and ruhr industrial heritage
Germany’s western regions, easily accessible from Amsterdam, offer a diverse range of experiences from romantic river valleys to cutting-edge urban landscapes. The country’s rich history, industrial heritage, and cultural offerings make it a fascinating destination for travellers of all interests.
Düsseldorf: media harbour and königsallee shopping boulevard
Düsseldorf, the capital of North Rhine-Westphalia, is a city of contrasts where traditional and modern elements coexist harmoniously. The city’s Media Harbour (MedienHafen) showcases stunning contemporary architecture, including the iconic twisted buildings designed by Frank Gehry. This area, once an industrial port, has been transformed into a hub of media companies, fashion houses, and trendy restaurants.
Fashion enthusiasts will appreciate the Königsallee, one of Europe’s most elegant shopping boulevards, lined with high-end boutiques and luxury brands. For a taste of local culture, visit the Altstadt (Old Town), known as ‘the longest bar in the world’ due to its concentration of breweries and pubs serving the local Altbier.
Cologne: gothic cathedral and Roman-Germanic museum
Cologne, Germany’s fourth-largest city, is dominated by its magnificent Gothic cathedral, a UNESCO World Heritage site and the country’s most visited landmark. The twin spires of the Kölner Dom offer breathtaking views of the city for those willing to climb the 533 steps to the top.
History buffs will appreciate the Roman-Germanic Museum, which showcases artefacts from the city’s Roman past, including the famous Dionysus mosaic. For a more contemporary experience, visit the Museum Ludwig, home to one of Europe’s largest collections of modern art, including works by Picasso, Warhol, and Lichtenstein.
Don’t leave Cologne without sampling its namesake fragrance, Eau de Cologne, or enjoying a glass of Kölsch, the city’s signature beer, in one of the traditional brewhouses.
Aachen: charlemagne’s imperial palace and thermal baths
Aachen, the westernmost city in Germany, boasts a rich history dating back to the Roman Empire. The city’s crown jewel is the Aachen Cathedral, another UNESCO World Heritage site, which served as the coronation church for over 30 German kings. The cathedral’s octagonal chapel, commissioned by Charlemagne, is a masterpiece of Carolingian architecture.
Aachen is also famous for its thermal springs, which have attracted visitors since Roman times. The modern Carolus Thermen spa complex offers a relaxing experience in its various pools and saunas. Don’t forget to try Aachen’s culinary speciality, the Aachener Printen, a type of gingerbread cookie that has been produced in the city for centuries.
France: northern treasures beyond paris
While Paris often steals the spotlight, northern France offers a wealth of historical sites, cultural attractions, and charming cities that are easily accessible from Amsterdam. These destinations provide a glimpse into France’s rich heritage without the crowds of the capital.
Lille: flemish influence and palais des Beaux-Arts
Lille, the capital of the Hauts-de-France region, seamlessly blends Flemish and French influences in its architecture, culture, and cuisine. The city’s Old Town (Vieux Lille) is a maze of cobblestone streets lined with beautiful 17th-century buildings, boutiques, and restaurants. The Grand Place, Lille’s main square, is dominated by the ornate Vieille Bourse, a testament to the city’s historical importance as a trading centre.
Art enthusiasts should not miss the Palais des Beaux-Arts, one of the largest fine arts museums in France outside of Paris. Its impressive collection includes works by Rubens, Van Dyck, Goya, and Delacroix. For a taste of local life, visit the Wazemmes market, one of the largest in France, offering fresh produce, textiles, and a vibrant atmosphere.
Dunkirk: operation dynamo sites and port museum
Dunkirk, known for its pivotal role in World War II, offers visitors a unique blend of historical sites and maritime heritage. The Operation Dynamo Museum, located in a former German bunker, provides a comprehensive look at the famous evacuation of Allied troops in 1940. The nearby beaches, where the evacuation took place, serve as a poignant reminder of this historical event.
The Port Museum (Musée Portuaire) offers insights into Dunkirk’s maritime history, with exhibits on fishing, shipbuilding, and the port’s development. For a panoramic view of the city and coast, climb the Belfry of Saint Eloi’s Church, a UNESCO World Heritage site.
Arras: wellington quarry and grand place architecture
Arras, with its stunning Flemish-Baroque architecture and rich history, is a hidden gem in northern France. The city’s two main squares, Grand Place and Place des Héros, are surrounded by 155 unique facades, creating one of the most beautiful urban ensembles in northern Europe. These squares come alive during the city’s famous Christmas market.
A visit to the Wellington Quarry (Carrière Wellington) offers a unique perspective on World War I history. This underground network of tunnels was used by British and Commonwealth forces during the Battle of Arras in 1917. Guided tours provide insights into the soldiers’ lives and the strategic importance of these tunnels.
Northern France offers a diverse range of experiences, from Flemish-influenced architecture to poignant war memorials, all within easy reach of Amsterdam.
Luxembourg: Micro-State with majestic landscapes
Luxembourg, one of Europe’s smallest countries, packs a surprising punch when it comes to natural beauty, historical sites, and cultural offerings. Its proximity to Amsterdam makes it an excellent destination for those looking to add another country to their travel itinerary.
Luxembourg city: casemates du bock and european court of justice
Luxembourg City, the capital of the Grand Duchy, is a unique blend of ancient fortifications and modern European institutions. The old quarter and fortifications are UNESCO World Heritage sites, with the Casemates du Bock being a highlight. These underground tunnels, carved into the city’s rocky cliffs, offer a fascinating glimpse into Luxembourg’s military history.
The modern face of Luxembourg is represented by the European Quarter, home to several EU institutions, including the European Court of Justice. The Philharmonie Luxembourg and the Museum of Modern Art (MUDAM) showcase the city’s commitment to contemporary culture and architecture.
Vianden: medieval castle and victor hugo house
Vianden, a picturesque town in northeastern Luxembourg, is dominated by its imposing medieval castle. Perched atop a hill, Vianden Castle is one of the largest fortified castles west of the Rhine and offers stunning views of the Our Valley. The castle’s Gothic and Romanesque architecture, along with its well-preserved interiors, make it a must-visit for history enthusiasts.
Literary fans will appreciate the Victor Hugo House, where the famous French author spent time during his exile from France. The house now serves as a museum dedicated to Hugo’s life and work, offering insights into his connection with Luxembourg.
Echternach: oldest town and basilica of saint willibrord
Echternach, Luxembourg’s oldest town, is renowned for its well-preserved medieval centre and the Basilica of Saint Willibrord. The basilica, dedicated to the founder of Echternach Abbey, is a masterpiece of Romanesque architecture and an important pilgrimage site. The town is also famous for its unique Whit Tuesday dancing procession, a UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage event.
Nature lovers will appreciate Echternach’s location at the heart of the Mullerthal region, known as ‘Little Switzerland’ due to its rocky landscapes and lush forests. The area offers numerous hiking trails, including the Mullerthal Trail, which winds through spectacular rock formations and picturesque villages.
United kingdom: Cross-Channel connections
While not as close as some continental destinations, the United Kingdom is easily accessible from Amsterdam via quick flights or Eurostar train services. The UK offers a wealth of experiences, from bustling metropolitan centres to charming historical towns, all with a distinctly British flavour.
London: thames-side attractions and west end theatre district
London, one of the world’s most visited cities, offers an unparalleled mix of history, culture, and modernity. The city’s iconic landmarks, such as the Tower of London, Big Ben, and Buckingham Palace, provide a journey through centuries of British history. A ride on the London Eye offers panoramic views of the Thames and the city skyline.
The West End theatre district is a must-visit for performance art enthusiasts, offering world-class productions in historic venues. For art lovers, the Tate Modern, National Gallery, and British Museum house some of the world’s most impressive collections. Don’t miss the opportunity to explore diverse neighbourhoods like Notting Hill, Camden, or Shoreditch, each with its unique character and attractions.
Canterbury: medieval cathedral and chaucer’s literary heritage
Canterbury, a UNESCO World Heritage site, is renowned for its stunning cathedral and its significance in English literature. Canterbury Cathedral, the seat of the Archbishop of Canterbury, is a masterpiece of English Gothic architecture and has been a major pilgrimage site since the Middle Ages.
Literary enthusiasts will appreciate the connection to Geoffrey Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales . The Canterbury Tales Experience offers an interactive journey through Chaucer’s famous work. The city’s medieval streets, lined with timber-framed houses and quaint shops, provide a charming backdrop for exploring English history and culture.
Dover: white cliffs and dover castle’s secret wartime tunnels
Dover, famous for its iconic white cliffs, offers a unique blend of natural beauty and historical significance. The White Cliffs of Dover, rising majestically from the English Channel, have been a symbol of British resilience for centuries. Visitors can walk along the cliff tops for breathtaking views of the coastline and, on clear days, even glimpse the French coast.
Dover Castle, perched atop the cliffs, is one of England’s most important fortifications. Its Secret Wartime Tunnels, carved deep into the chalk, played a crucial role in both World Wars, including the evacuation of Dunkirk. The medieval Great Tower, recreated to appear as it would have in the 12th century, offers insights into life during the reign of Henry II.
These destinations near Amsterdam showcase the diverse cultural, historical, and natural offerings of Europe. From the medieval streets of Bruges to the modern skyline of London, from the industrial heritage of the Ruhr Valley to the majestic landscapes of Luxembourg, each country provides unique experiences that complement a visit to the Dutch capital. Whether you’re interested in art, history, cuisine, or natural beauty, these nearby countries offer endless possibilities for exploration and discovery.